Furnace wall



M, LlPTAK FURNACE WALL Jan. 27. 1925. 1,524,144

Filed April '7, 1924 l.

A 4` Sheets-Sht l www! Jan, 27, .1925. 1,524,144

M. LIPTAK FURNACE WALL Filed April 7, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Jari. 27 1925- 1,524,144

M. LlP'rAK FURNACE WALL Jan.' 1925. 1,524,144

M. LIPTAK FURNACE WALL Figwd April 7, 1924 4 sheets-sheet 4 Patented Jan. 27, 1925.

PATENT OFFICE.

MICHAEL LIPTAK, OF MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

FURNACE WALL.

Application filed April 7, 1924.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, MICHAEL LIPTAK, a citizen of the United States, residing at Min neapolis, in the. county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnace Walls; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

My present invention relates to furnace walls or walls adapted to stand high temperatures, and is particularly directed to certain improvements, which make possible replacements of the inner wall portion or section without disturbing or tearing down the outer or permanent wall portion or section," and in which a complete wall may be constructed entirely from commercial bricks, blocks or tiles, such as are carried in stock by and may be purchased from brick manufacturers or their sales agencies. Otherwise stated, the complete wall is made up of what may be termed as a permanent outer wall7 and a replaceable inner wall, the two walls being bonded or tied together by interlapping but without interlocking of certain of the commercial bricks or tiles.

.F or convenience, the term blocks may be used as a term broad enough to include what is usually designated as brick and what is frequently designated as tile. In the permanent or outer wall portion, a great deal of common brick will usually be employed, but the inner or replaceable inner wall portion should be made up entirely of refractory or fire bricks or blocks.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate the invention, like characters indicate like parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. l is a fragmentary perspective showing the improved wall with certain of the blocks removed to better illustrate the wall structure;

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary perspective with some of the blocks removed, illustrating a wall of the type of structure shown in Fig.

l, designed as a partition wall of the furi nace' Fig. 3 is a view corresponding to Fig. l, but illustrating a slightly modified construction; and

Fig. 4 is a view corresponding to Fig. 2,

Serial No. 704,620.

but illustrating the manner of incorporating the structure of Fig. 3 in a partition wall.

In the wall structure illustrated in Fig. l, the permanent outer wall portion is shown as made. up of common bricks 5, combined sill and lintel blocks (i, and colunni-for1ning blocks 7; and the inner or replaceable wall portion is shown as made up of standard lire bricks 8 and 8', and double length fire bricks 9. The above noted wall-forming elements, as already indicated, are of commercial size, such as found on the market. For example, the lire bricks 8 and 8 are approximately 2% x 41/2 x 9, the common brick are of slightly less dimensions than just noted, so as to allow for mortar, the double length fire bricks 9 are approximately 9,1/2 X 41/2 by 18, the combined sill and lintel-forming blocks G are approximately 5 x 131/2 x18, and the column-forming blocks 7 are approximately 21/2 X 9 x 9. The common brick 5 are laid in the usual or any suitable way between horizontal layers of the combined sill and lintel-forming blocks 6, and the blocks 7 are laid in vertical tiers, so as to form columns that extend between and support the projecting portions of the blocks 6 and overlap the joints between the abutting ends of the latter. This arrangement forms large rectangular openings l0 between the laterall ly spaced columns 7 and between the vertically spaced blocks 6.

In laying up the inner or replaceable portion of the wall, the long or bonding bricks 9 are laid as headers within the rectangular wall openings 10 and are spaced apart by the intervening bricks 8 laid as headers and the bricks 8 laid as stretchersf7 Approximately one-half of the long bricks 9 and all of the stretcher laid bricks 8 are within the wall openings l0, but the bricks 8 are outside of the said openings 10 and, in this preferred arrangement, terminate flush with the projecting ends of the long bonding bricks 9. In laying up the complete wall, the two wall portions may be laid Simultaneously, or the permanent wall portion ymay be first laid and the replaceable wall portion thereafter laid.

It will now be noted that the replaceable inner wall is made up of horizontal belts of brickwork, which, at intervals, are built into the rectangular recesses of the outer wall structure, so that the two wall structures are securely bonded together. These belts of brickwork are separated vertically only by the vertical spaces represented by the combined sill and lintel-orming blocks 6. and such spaces are filled in, in the particular arrangement illustrated in the drawing,` eac-h by two horizontal rows of the fire bricks 8 laid as headers and supported on the bonded belts. -lere it will. be further noted that the use of the blocks 6 as combined sil-ls and lintels is important. for the reason that it leaves only vertically narrow spaces to bevlled in by tire bricks laid as headers and which are nottied or bonded to the permanent wall. Oi' course, these latter noted bricks may be readily replaced at any vtime and,.also, very considerable portions ot' the masonry belts themselves may be replaced without tearing down the whole or any large part ot the replaceable wall structure.V The long bonding bricks 9, when the bricks between the same are more or less removed, may be readily loosened and knocked out of the recesses l0' and thereat'ter replaced. The feature ot using standard or commercial sizes'ot bricks `or blocks to bond the horizontal belts of the replaceable wall to the permanent wall is obviously highly important, for it not only affords a cheap structure but a wall that may be primarilyrbuilt up at a minimum of cost and which, moreover, may be repaired and maintained at `a minimum cost.

TFhe partition Wall illustrated in F ig. 2 iscit the same type of structure as that illustrated in Fig. l, with the following excep- Vtions The permanent wall, in this structure, isthe central wall `and the replaceable portion-sl of the wall are built on opposite sides oitthe central wall. The recesses l0 extend completely through the permanent central wall and the Vends of the long bonding bricks i9 extend completely through said re- Vcesses 10a; ,Howeven as an important fea-- ture, the `ends of the bonding bricks of the one replaceable wall are extended into Valternate recesses l()a of each horizontal row,

or.7 otherwise stated, the bonding bricks 9 that project from horizontally adjacent recesses l-OL project at opposite sides ot the permanent wall. This arrangement gets the best kind of bond-ingbetween lthe center wall and the two replaceable walls and gives a maximum projection of said bricks .tl-into or through the permanent wall.

In the wall structure illustrated in Fig.

3.,.the permanent wall is shown as of identically the same construction as that illustrat- Vcdvin Fig. 1, but the replaceable wall is O somewhat different construction. This replaceable wall is made up of ordinary fire bricks of standard size, indicated at Si@L and 8b, and long bonding bricks 9a. The bonding bricks 9a are placed vertically edgewise andl their ends are inserted into Ythe rectangular recessesl 10 and seated on the iinmediat-ely underlying combined sill and lintel-forming blocks (l. The horizontal belts, between the projecting ends of the .long bonding bricks 9a and between the vertical rows ot' the latter.A are lilled in by fire bricks S, C and 8"7 the former of which are bricks laid as headers and tbe latter ot which are bricks laid as strctchcrs. and here it will be noted that the belts iliade up ot the bricks 8a, 9c and 8 are built into and complete the filling of the rectangular wall recesses l0, thereby affording a highly ellicient bond between the permanent and the replaceable walls.

lshows a partition wall involving` the type or" structure illustrated in Fig. il. ln this wall structure, the permanent center wall is shown as of identically the same construction that illustrated in Fig. 2. and in this design. the horizontal groups of long bonding bricks 9n are inserted into alternate recesses l() of the horizontal rows. so that adjacent groups oli bricks 9 project :troni the opposite sides of the permanent wall. The saine advantages as to bondingl V,that was attained in the structure illustrated in Fig. 2 is also attained in this structure. Fig. it. The several structures here illustrated have this common advantage. that they may be constructed from standard size commercial bricks and without requiring any bricks or blocks of any peculiar or special design. Such blocks are not only ih ea per than specially made blocks, but they may be secured almost any place where commercial fire bricks and the like are manu- Ylectured or carried in stock. Moreover. blocks or bricks of these. commercial sizes may be rapidly laid and are less liable to crack under intense heat than are. for example. larger blocks` such as generally used in walls made up ot or requiring specially designed blocks. All of the said commercial blocks. bricks or tiles are simple rectangular structures lree iroin offsets. projections and the like.

In the constructions illustrated in Figs. and 4. the replaceable brick belts may be built up entirely of standard size and double length bricks, but preferably. as the lower course, l use standard size 9 x 9. or square. bricks 9; and the horizontal spaces between the groups oi long,r bonding bricks il" are filled in by relatively short bricks fl.

lVhat I claim is:

l. A composite wall comprising n perinanent wall structure and a replaceable wall structure, said permanent wall structure being 'formed with vertically and horizontally spaced rectangular recesses and having built therein horizontally disposed blocks that torni sills for overlying recesses and lintels Jfor underlying recesses, and said replaceable Wall being made up of belts otrelatively long and short. bricks, said Fill fil

long bricks extending from the replaceable wall into the recesses of said permanent wall.

Q. A composite wall comprising a permanent wall structure and areplaceable wall structure7 said permanent Wall structure being formed with vertically and horizontally spaced rectangular recesses and having built therein horizontally disposed blocks that form sills for overlying recesses and lintels for underlying recesses, and said replaceable wall being made up of belts of relatively long and short bricks7 said long bricks extending from the replaceable wall into the recesses of said permanent wall, and some of said short bricks being interposed between said long` bricks within said recesses.

A composite wall comprising` a permanent wall structure and a replaceable wall structure, said permanent wall structure being formed with vertically and horizontally spaced rectangular recesses and having built therein horizontally disposed blocks that form sills for overlying recesses and lintels for underlying` recesses, and said replaceable wall being made up of belts oi relatively long and short bricks, said long bricks extending from the replaceable wall into the recesses of said permanent wall, all of said wall-forming elements being simple rectangular commercial structures.

4L. A composite wall comprising a permanent wall and a replaceable wall, said permanent wall having vertically and horizontally spaced rectangular recesses and said replaceable wall being made up of relatively long and short commercial rectangular bricks, the said long bricks being extended from the replaceable wall into the recesses of said permanent wall and some oi the short bricks being laid within said recesses to fill the spaces between said long bricks.

5. A composite wall comprising a permanent wall and a replaceable wall, said permanent wall having vertically and horizontally spaced rectangular recesses and said replaceable wall being made up of relatively long and short commercial rectangular bricks laid as headers in said replaceable wall. said long bricks being extended into the recesses of said permanent wall and sonic of the shrtbricks being laid as stretchers within said recesses to .fill the spaces between said long bricks.

6. The structure defined in claim 1 in which the column-forming portions of the permanent wall between recesses are made up ot' flat rectangular blocks laid one upon the other, and the ends of the combined sill and lintel-forming blocks being interposed between vertically spaced groups of colun'm-forming blocks.

7. The structure defined in claim 1 in which the recesses in the permanent wall extend completely through the same and in which there is a replaceable. wall of the character described located on each side of said permanent wall, the projecting recessengaging portions of the two replaceable walls being alternated in their engagement with said recesses.

8. The structure de'nd in claim 5 in which the recesses in the permanent wall extend completely through the same and in which there is a replaceable wall of the character described located on each side of said permanent wall, the projecting recessengaging portions of the two replaceable walls being alternated in their engagement with said recesses.

9. The structure defined in claim l in which said long and short bricks have the same cross section but the long bricks are approximately twice the length of said short bricks.

l0. The structure defined in claim l in which said long and short bricks have the same cross section but the long bricks are approximately twice the length of said short bricks. and in which the columnforming portions of said permanent wall are made up of flat square blocks having approximately the width and depth of the length of said short bricks.

ll. The structure defined in claim l in which said long and short bricks have the same cross section but the long bricks are approxiniately twice the length of said short bricks. and in which the column-'forming portions of said permanent wall are made up of flat square blocks having approximately the width and depth of the length of said short bricks, and in which the combined sill and lintel-forn'iing blocks have approximately the same length measured horizontally along the wall as have said long` bricks measured transversely of the wall.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

MICHAEL LIPTAK. 

